Beginner Trout Fishing on Lake Taneycomo

Brown Trout

Brown Trout (Salmo Trutta)  Description

Brown Trout are medium-sized premier cold-water game and sport fish. It has been introduced in suitable environments globally and is considered the backbone of many fisheries. These fish have brown or golden-brown backs and a yellowish or white belly. The back and sides are covered with black spots. Head and tail are sometimes spotted. There is a small reddish or orange adipose fin near the tail. Brown trout can be distinguished from similar salmon by their vomerine teeth.

Brown trout resembles Brook trout, Chinook salmon, Coho salmon, and Rainbow trout. 

Brown Trout Size and Weight

The average size for this fish is 8-24 inches but can grow up to 39 inches depending on the habitat. They can weigh from 1 – 9.5 pounds. 

When were Brown Trout Introduced in the United States?

Brown trout, a native of Europe and Asia, was first introduced to the United States in 1883. The species was brought to Michigan by Fred Mather, a fish enthusiast who believed brown trout would be an excellent addition to American waters. The introduction of brown trout was met with great excitement by anglers across the country, as this species is known for its fighting ability and delicious taste. 
Since its introduction over a century ago, brown trout has become one of the most popular game fish in the United States. Today, it can be found in almost every state and is especially abundant in western rivers and streams. One of the reasons for its success is its adaptability - brown trout can thrive in cold and warm water environments.

To keep up with the demand from anglers, many states have implemented stocking programs to increase brown trout populations.

Interesting Facts 

The Brown Trout live for 12 years but can have an extended life span of up to 18 or 20 years.

Brown trout can be found on almost every continent except Antarctica and many can be found living in the ocean.

They are stocked in 45 states as it's a popular game fish. They are self-sustaining in 34 states.

The Brown Trout is a Guidesly employee favorite to catch on a run!

Where do Brown Trout Live in the United States?

Brown Trout prefers to live in covers and cool, clear, and calm waters. A temperature of 54°F to 65°F is ideal for these fishes but can survive up to 75°F. Sea trout travel to brackish or ocean waters and return to freshwater for spawning. Found in small streams, large rivers, and any trout stream with the right water temperature, aquatic insects, and clean water. This species is usually restricted to freshwater, though a few migrate to the sea between spawnings.

Widely distributed, the Brown Trout can be found throughout 45 states and Canada.

Spawning 

The spawning season for these fish starts in fall and early winter.  River trout look for a head riffle or a freshwater stream to spawn. The site is dug by the females, where the eggs are laid and covered with gravel. Hatching occurs in spring. 

Diet

Brown trout consume aquatic insects, salamanders, frogs, worms, crustacean mollusks, and other fish. In the sea, they eat alewives and other small fish. 

Are Brown Trout Good to Eat?

Many people enjoy catching brown trout for sport, others wonder if it's good to eat. The answer is yes, brown trout can be a delicious and healthy addition to your diet. 

The taste of brown trout depends on various factors, such as the quality of the water they inhabit, their diet, and how they are cooked. Generally speaking, brown trout has a mild flavor that is slightly sweet with a firm texture. It's often compared to rainbow trout or salmon but with a milder taste.

To cook brown trout, you can grill it with some lemon juice and herbs for added flavor. Pan-frying or baking are also great options that allow the natural flavors of the fish to shine through. Just make sure not to overcook it, as this can result in dry and tough meat.

Fishing Techniques - How to Catch Brown Trout

During the fall season, Brown Trout feed aggressively at night. They can be found in deep pools, overgrown vegetation, or hiding near rocks. Many anglers recommend fishing for them near piers, while others only consider fly fishing in streams. For fly fishing, dry fly or crawfish imitation can be used. A fly rod of 9 ft. length and 5 weight will wield for excellent results. They can use a line of 4-6 weight. 

On the Great Lakes, trolling is an ideal option, or small spinners or baits can be used under a floater. Popular baits and lures used are streamers, woolly bugger, pheasant tail nymph, crayfish, and green caddis. 

Crappie

Crappie (Poxomis) 

Crappies are game fish and the largest members of the Centrarchidae family. They are present in nature as Black Crappie (Poxomis nigromaculatus) or and White Crappie (Poxomis annularus). Both the species are similar to each other, apart from few distinctions. White crappie will have vertical bars running the length of their body, and black crappie will have no discernible pattern and will just be speckled, hence their nickname, “specks". White crappie has 5-6 spines, and black crappie has 7-8 spines. Anglers often differentiate the two by body shapeGrenade Lake, Mississippi, and Reel foot Lake are considered among giant crappie lakes. 

Crappie Habitat and Distribution

Both the crappies have a similar habitat, though black crappie prefers clearer water than white crappie. These fishes can be found in rivers, lakes, and backwater pools swimming in shallow waters or hiding among bushes, vegetation, or other covers. 

Crappie is native to Canada and the eastern States. It is a much-enjoyed game fish in North America and inhabits the Great Lakes, Hudson Bay, and the Mississippi River Basins. 

Crappie Size and Weight 

Crappie can be 7-12 inches long and weigh about 0.5-1 pounds. 

Crappie Interesting Facts

Crappie is known for its tasty and white meat. 

• Both Poxomis nigromaculatus and Poxomis annularus are less active during the day.
• Both the fishes have a different number of dorsal fin spines. White Crappie has 6 while Black Crappie has 7 or 8.
• Mouth of Black Crappie is larger and reaches mid-eye and has a resemblance to largemouth bass.
• Crappie travels in schools.
• Female lays 5000-60000 eggs.
• Crappie can live for 7 to 10 years.

Is Crappie Good to Eat?

Despite its name, crappie is an excellent source of nutrition, containing high amounts of protein and essential omega-3 fatty acids. Although it's not as popular as salmon or tuna, crappie can be a delicious addition to any healthy diet. They are known for their delicate taste and ease of preparation. 

When cooked properly, crappie has a delicate flavor and flaky texture, making it perfect for grilling, frying, or baking. Moreover, because they are smaller fish than other common species, such as bass or catfish, the chances of mercury contamination in their flesh are much lower.

Crappie Spawning 

Crappie spawning season begins in early spring and summer when the water temperature is 62 F-68 F. Male builds the nest in soft or gravelly spots, the female lays the eggs, and the male guards the nest. Eggs take 2 to 5 days to hatch. 

Crappie Food 

Depending on the age, Crappie victims consist of zooplankton, crustaceans, small fish, minnows, insects, gizzard or threadfin shads, and larvae of other game fishes. 

Crappie Fishing 

Crappie is most active at dawn or dusk. Anglers recommend using live bait and properly sized hooks, not too small, not too large. 

Spin or Bait Fishing for Crappie:

Spin fishing for crappie is a popular angling technique used for years. The use of small lures, such as crappie spinners or jigs along the bottom with light tackle, makes it possible to catch these elusive fish with ease. Crappie spinner fishing involves using a spinning rod and reel setup to cast the lure out into the water and retrieve it in a steady fashion. 
When fishing for crappie with a spinner, it's essential to choose the right size and color of the lure. Smaller lures are more effective when targeting this species due to their smaller mouths. Additionally, selecting colors that mimic the natural prey of crappie can help increase your chances of catching them. It's also important to consider where you're casting your line when using spinners for crappie fishing.

Another popular technique is a bobber with a hook with live bait such as worms or small minnows. This is a proven method to catch crappie.

Fly Fishing for Crappie:

• Fly fishing for Crappie is exciting. Both dry and wet flies work well. Use dry flies on still and calm days, especially early and late. A great way to start a young angler on fly fishing, crappie is not as challenging as much other game fish.
• The best-wet flies for fly fishing are streamers and nymphs and soft large hackles. Streamers (small) are perfect when the fish is eating minnows.
• Anglers can fly fish for Crappie near fallen trees or bushes using a dry or wet fly. Be patient and let the fish properly take the hook. - Clouser Minnow is the ultimate fly bait that can catch even the sluggish crappie.

Crappie Baits and Lures: 

• Spinners
• Pan-fish jigs
• Small crankbaits
• Insects
• Worms
• Streamer flies
• Small minnows
• Nymphs

Rainbow Trout

Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) 

Description

Rainbow trout is a popular game fish known for its attractive color and ability to swim upstream. It belongs to the Salmonidae family. The upper body color ranges from bluish-green to olive green. They are silver to white in color near the belly. A horizontal pink stripe is present on each side of the body. The body is covered with black spots and extend to dorsal fins, tail, and anal fins. The appearance of a rainbow trout can depend on habitat, gender, age, and maturity. 

Interesting Facts 

• Rainbow trout starts spawning at age of 3 or 4 years.
• They have a life span of 4-8 years but can live up to 11 years as well.
• As this species can only live in clean water, they are very good indicators of pollution.
• A water temperature of 55°F to 64°F is preferred by the rainbow trout, but they can also survive up to 70 °F.

Habitat, Distribution and Heat Map 

Rainbow Trout is native of the United States including the Pacific coast from Mexico to Alaska, northeastern and central United States along with the eastern coast of Asia. 

Rainbow trout can be found in freshwater bodies such as rivers and streams. They prefer a place with an abundance of natural covers such as water vegetation, weeds, and gravelly shoreline. Rainbow trout can be found in streams where the currents are strong and water flow is fast but also do well in cool and deep water. 

Rainbow Trout Spawning 

The spawning season starts in late winter or early spring and can go through early summer as well. During this time, the male Rainbow trout finds a shallow place with gravels or a clear water inlet/outlet. The female lays eggs there. Depending on the water temperature, hatching takes a few weeks to 4 months. After hatching, they keep themselves in hiding until they reach 2 to 3 years and then go into deep waters. 

Other names include steelhead, red-sides, River trout, and silver trout. Rainbow Trout are predators and mostly feed on insects, small fish, and crustaceans. They also eat eggs, other rainbow trout, and even feast on leftover carcasses. 

Rainbow Trout Size and Weight 

A Rainbow trout can vary in length from 8 inches to 24 inches. The largest Rainbow trout was fished in Canada in 2009 and weighed 48 pounds. The average weight of the species is from 2 to 8 pounds. 

Is Rainbow Trout Good to Eat?

Rainbow trout is a popular fish among anglers and food enthusiasts alike.  It has a distinct pink flesh that can be enjoyed in many different dishes. 
Cooking rainbow trout can be done using various methods such as grilling, baking, or frying. When cooked properly, it offers a delicious and healthy meal option for those who enjoy seafood. The taste of rainbow trout is often described as mild with a slightly nutty flavor that pairs well with herbs like thyme or rosemary.

Rainbow trout contains high levels of omega-3 fatty acids which are essential for maintaining good health. These fatty acids have been linked to reducing the risk of heart disease and improving brain function.

Fishing Techniques - How to Catch a Rainbow Trout

They can be found near gravelly shorelines in the river, or in a downstream flow. In summer, they go to cooler depths. It is recommended to fish rainbow trout during their feeding time, which can be at dusk or late evening. Best fishing techniques include: 

• Nymphing fly fishing
• Dry fly fishing for rising fish
• Emergers & Buggers fly fishing
• Keeping bait off the bottom
• Retrieving a bait
• Hanging lure below a bobber
• Drifting an artificial lure

Fly Fishing for Rainbow Trout

Fly fishing for rainbow trout is a thrilling and rewarding experience that many anglers dream of. Rainbow trout are one of the most popular game fish in North America, and fly fishing for them can be both challenging and exciting. Whether you are an experienced angler or new to the sport, fly fishing for rainbow trout is an activity that should be on your bucket list. 
To successfully fly fish for rainbow trout, it's important to understand their behavior and habitat. These fish prefer clear, cold water with good oxygen levels, so look for rivers or streams with these conditions. Rainbow trout also tend to feed on insects near the surface of the water, so using dry flies can prove effective. When choosing your equipment, consider using a lightweight rod between 7-9 feet in length with a weight rating of 3-5.

If you want to learn more about rainbow trout fly fishing, check the Guidesly Nymph Series of articles. Start with an introduction and progress thru techniques, tactics, flies, and trends.  

1. Introduction to Nymphing, Learn what is Nymphing, the art of fly fishing with a nymph
2. Basic Techniques of Nymphing, Learn the basic techniques involved with nymphing
3. Advanced Nymphing, Discuss the details of nymphing techniques
4. Top 10 Nymph Flies, See the top 10 nymph flies with fly-tying videos
5. Euro Nymphing, The latest trend in nymphing is European-style nymphing.
6. Trout of North America, Find your nymphing prey. Learn about the top 10 trout species in North America.

Rainbow Trout Baits and Lures 

Common baits and lures for rainbow trout are: 

• Spoons
• Spinners
• Plugs
• Worms
• Flies
• Roe
• Egg sac

What is the Difference Between Rainbow Trout & Steelhead Trout?

The key difference between rainbow trout and steelhead is where they live. They are actually the same species of trout and in many cases look very similar. A rainbow trout will stay in freshwater streams. The steelhead trout will leave freshwater and spend a portion of its life in saltwater until returning to its freshwater spawning grounds to breed. Steelhead can also be seen in great numbers in the Great Lakes and migrating, spawning in the many tributaries. 

What is Special About the Rainbow Trout?

The rainbow trout are indeed special and hold a special allure to fly fishing anglers around the globe. Rainbow trout are native to the United States and specifically west of the Mississippi River, primarily in the pacific northwest. Their distinctive pink, red and purple stripes along the sides of their silvery bodies make them easily recognizable. But what makes rainbow trout so special? There are several key factors that set them apart from other fish. 

1. Rainbow trout have an incredible ability to adapt to different environments. They can thrive in both freshwater and saltwater habitats, which is rare among fish species. This means they can be found in lakes, rivers, streams and even in the ocean. 
2. Rainbow trout have a well-deserved reputation for being strong fighters when caught on a fishing line. They are known for their acrobatic jumps and sudden bursts of energy that challenge even the most experienced anglers. 
3. They are often found in majestic rivers across the United States that are among the most beautiful places to visit. Fly fishing in the middle of nature if often therapeutic to the angler. 
4. Rainbow trout have been stocked in great numbers across the United States so almost every river and lake will have some rainbow trout. Many rivers have large populations after stocking introduction.

A Brief History of Rainbow Trout

Rainbow trout has a long and fascinating history. Rainbow trout has a rich history, dating back to the late 1800s when it was first introduced to North America from Europe.  Belonging to the salmon family, it has been present on Earth for thousands of years. This species of fish is native to several regions of North America, as well as Eurasia, making it a versatile and widely found fish. Interestingly, the upper Columbia River was where scientists first described it to the scientific community in 1836.

North American Trout Family 

Trout are members of the family Salmonidae, order Salmoniformes. The native trout family is closely related to salmon. A top fly fishing family of fish that are both tremendous game fish and tasty eating fish. Found in small streams, large rivers, and any trout stream with the right water temperature, aquatic insects, and clean water. The trout species is usually restricted to freshwater, though a few types migrate to the sea between spawnings. 

The Trout Species in North America: 

1. Rainbow Trout
2. Brown Trout
3. Brook Trout
4. Lake Trout
5. Steelhead Trout
6. Bull Trout
7. Cutthroat Trout (several species of cutthroat)
8. Apache Trout